C\u0259miyy\u0259timizin ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan etika d\u0259rin bir anlay\u0131\u015fd\u0131r v\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259fi elml\u0259r sistemind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm yer tutur. Insan t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn v\u0259 idrak prosesinin tabe oldu\u011fu \u0259n \u00fcmumi qanunauy\u011funluqlar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda elmin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 kimi h\u0259yat\u0131m\u0131za daxil olmu\u015f bu anlay\u0131\u015f ilk d\u0259f\u0259 olaraq yunan filosofu Aristotel t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259y\u0259 veril\u0259n add\u0131r. Bununla da, o, c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 var olan m\u00fcxt\u0259lif ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rin yaranmas\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturdu. Hans\u0131 ki, bu ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259r m\u00fcxt\u0259lif forma v\u0259 \u00fcsullarla d\u00f6vr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r g\u0259lib \u00e7atm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259timizin \u0259sas anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olmu\u015fdur. Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 etikan\u0131 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259nin \u00f6z\u00fc kimi q\u0259bul ets\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, vur\u011fulaya bil\u0259r\u0259m ki, onun tarixi daha q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259r\u0259 dayan\u0131r v\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259nin bir qolu kimi q\u0259bul edilir. Ibtidai d\u00f6vrd\u0259 insanlar\u0131n bir s\u0131ra v\u0259rdi\u015fl\u0259ri q\u0259bul etm\u0259l\u0259ri, ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259r, qaydalar v\u0259 qada\u011falar \u0259sas\u0131nda ya\u015famalar\u0131 o d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259n etikan\u0131n m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funu s\u00fcbut edirdi. Etika f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259nin bir qolu kimi h\u0259yat\u0131m\u0131zda t\u0259zah\u00fcr edir v\u0259 o bir elm olaraq insanlar aras\u0131nda m\u00fcxt\u0259lif ictimai m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rin – xeyirxahl\u0131q, qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 h\u00f6rm\u0259t, \u0259m\u0259y\u0259 t\u0259labat, b\u0259\u015f\u0259riyy\u0259t\u0259 xidm\u0259t etm\u0259k ist\u0259yin\u0259, d\u0259rin v\u0259 inc\u0259 hissl\u0259rin formala\u015fmas\u0131na g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Etika haqq\u0131nda he\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcn\u00fczm\u00fc?
\nD\u00f6vr\u00fcm\u00fczd\u0259 bir s\u0131ra f\u0259rdl\u0259r bu sual\u0131n cavab\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcmumilikd\u0259 bel\u0259 q\u0259bul edir: \u201cEtika bir ne\u00e7\u0259 vacib qaydalar toplusudur\u201d.
\nLakin, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u0259m ki, biz bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 bu q\u0259d\u0259r sad\u0259 formada q\u0259bul etm\u0259m\u0259liyik. Q\u0131sa olaraq bel\u0259 bir izah ver\u0259 bil\u0259r\u0259m ki, etika m\u00fcxt\u0259lif n\u00f6vl\u0259r\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u0259n etiket qaydalar\u0131ndan ibar\u0259tdir ki, bu qaydalar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 biz c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 var olu\u015fumuzu \u0259yani olaraq s\u00fcbut edirik. C\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 var olu\u015f \u00f6z \u0259ksini m\u00fcsb\u0259t v\u0259 m\u0259nfi formalarda tapa bil\u0259r. Bu is\u0259 insanlar\u0131n se\u00e7iml\u0259rind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Se\u00e7iml\u0259r d\u0259 eynil\u0259 dig\u0259r insani keyfiyy\u0259tl\u0259r kimi – d\u00fcnyag\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc v\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi, f\u0259rdl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fir. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 etikan\u0131 \u00fcmumi qaydalar toplusuolaraq d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259k yaln\u0131\u015fd\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnki bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 h\u0259r k\u0259s real h\u0259yatda qavraya bilmir Etikan\u0131 q\u0259bul ed\u0259n, onu h\u0259yat\u0131nda \u0259ks etdir\u0259n insanlar da \u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 xas formada bunu t\u0259zah\u00fcr etdirirl\u0259r. Bu zaman eyni situasiyalarda f\u0259rqli m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r ortaya \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Bu n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259r \u0259sas\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u0259m ki, etika \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif qaydalar\u0131 birl\u0259\u015fdirs\u0259 d\u0259, \u00fcmumilikd\u0259 o bir se\u00e7imdir.
\nEtiket qaydalar\u0131n\u0131 bilm\u0259k h\u0259m \u00f6z h\u0259yat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 rahatla\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l bir metoddur. Hans\u0131 qaydalara riay\u0259t etm\u0259yi bil\u0259nd\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc daha rahat hiss ed\u0259 bil\u0259r v\u0259 diqq\u0259timizi m\u00f6vzuya daha rahat y\u00f6nl\u0259ndir\u0259 bil\u0259rik. Bu da bizim h\u0259yat\u0131m\u0131zda ba\u015f ver\u0259n hadis\u0259l\u0259rin n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011fun se\u00e7imimizdir.
\nD\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u0259m ki, do\u011fru formada etika anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 qavramaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu suala cavab tapmaq yet\u0259rlidir.
\n“M\u0259n bu situasiyada nec\u0259 davranmal\u0131yam?”
\nH\u0259r n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r tap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f d\u00fczg\u00fcn cavab biz\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn formada \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc insanlar aras\u0131nda ayd\u0131n v\u0259 n\u0259zak\u0259tli yans\u0131ltma\u011fa imkan vers\u0259 d\u0259, bu bir faktd\u0131r ki, h\u0259r zaman bu suala do\u011fru cavab tapmaq olmur. B\u0259z\u0259n el\u0259 m\u0259qamlar olur ki, etika adland\u0131raraq s\u0259rgil\u0259diyimiz duru\u015f bizi yan\u0131ld\u0131r. Do\u011fru yolda at\u0131lan yaln\u0131\u015f add\u0131mlar h\u0259yat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 alt-\u00fcst etm\u0259k d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sin\u0259 bel\u0259 g\u0259tir\u0259 bil\u0259r v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni h\u0259yatdan bizi xaric ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. H\u0259tta bu yaln\u0131\u015f add\u0131mlar bizi sevdikl\u0259rimizd\u0259n, d\u0259y\u0259r verdikl\u0259rimizd\u0259n, c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 var olan dig\u0259r f\u0259rdl\u0259rd\u0259n uzaqla\u015fd\u0131ra bil\u0259r. M\u0259n\u0259viyyat\u0131m\u0131z s\u0259rv\u0259timizdir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcns\u0259k ki, s\u0259mimi m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r v\u0259 ger\u00e7\u0259k dostluqlar h\u0259yat\u0131m\u0131zda qazand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z s\u0259rv\u0259tin d\u0259y\u0259rli bir hiss\u0259sini t\u0259\u015fkil edir, bel\u0259 m\u0259nfi hallar is\u0259 bir daha onu g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, bir insan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259d\u0259n at\u0131lan add\u0131mlar, ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6nl\u0259ndirm\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f q\u0259rarlar\u0131n t\u0259tbiqi, c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 f\u0259rdl\u0259r aras\u0131nda qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131qs\u0131z d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rin formala\u015fmas\u0131 \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259timizd\u0259 \u0259n a\u011f\u0131r itkiy\u0259-m\u0259n\u0259viyyat\u0131n yox olams\u0131na g\u0259tirir. Etiket qaydalar\u0131 is\u0259 bel\u0259 itkil\u0259rin ba\u015f verm\u0259m\u0259sin\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259n simvollard\u0131r. Bizim bu simvollar\u0131 q\u0259bul etm\u0259yimiz v h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259yimiz is\u0259 \u015f\u00fcurumuzdan as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.
\nH\u0259yat\u0131m\u0131zda u\u011fur qazanmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131na n\u0259zak\u0259t v\u0259 xeyirxahl\u0131qla yana\u015fmaq \u00e7ox vacibdir. Yax\u015f\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f yaln\u0131z c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259 \u00e7arpmaq, diqq\u0259t \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn deyil, \u0259ksin\u0259 ya\u015f\u0131ndan, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259sind\u0259n, irqind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fcz h\u0259r k\u0259s\u0259 eyni n\u0259zak\u0259tl\u0259 v\u0259 h\u00f6rm\u0259tl\u0259 yana\u015fma\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 t\u0259min ed\u0259n bir yoldur. Bu yol do\u011fru zamanda v\u0259 do\u011fru m\u0259kanda b\u00fct\u00fcn qap\u0131lar\u0131 a\u00e7a bil\u0259r. \u018fks t\u0259qdird\u0259 is\u0259 h\u0259r \u015fey alt-\u00fcst olar.
\nEtika m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n kontekstd\u0259 t\u0259tbiq olunan qaydalar toplusu olaraq \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tind\u0259n v\u0259 ad\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fir, co\u011frafi m\u0259kana uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Lakin, yax\u015f\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f yerind\u0259n, m\u0259kan\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq h\u0259r yerd\u0259 \u00f6z \u0259ksini m\u00fcsb\u0259t formada g\u00f6st\u0259rir. C\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259raras\u0131 f\u0259rqlilikl\u0259r d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 t\u0259rzind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 bu da \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc insan zehniyy\u0259tind\u0259 t\u0259zah\u00fcr etdirir. B\u00fct\u00fcn c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ke\u00e7\u0259rli olan vacib amil odur ki, etika insanlar\u0131 \u0259n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz formada istiqam\u0259tl\u0259ndir\u0259n yol x\u0259rit\u0259sidir. Yet\u0259r ki, bu yol x\u0259rit\u0259sin\u0259 uy\u011fun do\u011fru add\u0131mlar at\u0131ls\u0131n. Bu zaman \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 formada xarici d\u00fcnyaya t\u0259qdim ed\u0259 bil\u0259rik.<\/p>\n
Aysel Qaybaliyeva<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0130ctimai.az\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" C\u0259miyy\u0259timizin ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan etika d\u0259rin bir anlay\u0131\u015fd\u0131r v\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259fi elml\u0259r sistemind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm yer tutur. Insan t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn v\u0259 idrak prosesinin tabe oldu\u011fu \u0259n \u00fcmumi qanunauy\u011funluqlar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda elmin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 kimi h\u0259yat\u0131m\u0131za daxil olmu\u015f bu anlay\u0131\u015f ilk d\u0259f\u0259 olaraq yunan filosofu Aristotel t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259y\u0259 veril\u0259n add\u0131r. Bununla da, o, c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 var olan m\u00fcxt\u0259lif ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rin yaranmas\u0131n\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3755,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[50],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3754","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-youth"],"yoast_head":"\n